Leadership/Drum Major Paper Essay

I figure I would make an incredible drum major since I accept individuals accept me as a pioneer and regard and tune in to what need to I say. In spite of the fact that I for the most part am the pioneer I additionally am a decent audience. At the point when individuals have issues or have thoughts to improve the demonstrate I will tune in to whatever must be said. To me being a drum major would be an extraordinary achievement and a magnificent opportunity to assist our walking band. I have found from being in the walking band that every part needs regard. I plan to give regard first and in doing that I trust I will get it from my wharfs permitting this entire experience to be an ideal one. I comprehend that with this activity comes extraordinary obligation, and I am certainly prepared for it! Being an individual from the Woodland High School walking band for a long time, I currently have a thought of how to make band progressively alluring to everybody. Making the time spent in band class and at after school rehearses best is a significant right of mine. I might want to make it our main objective to get each musician to learn, and retain their music. This will permit the demonstrate to be prepared as right on time as could be expected under the circumstances so it gives sufficient opportunity to consummate arrangements, add character to the show, and make it our own. By doing this I realize our scores will be altogether higher than a years ago. In particular every part will comprehend that difficult work does pays off. I love music. I never falter to pursue any extracurricular band I can get into. I love being included, I love developing as a performer. I additionally love walking band-it’s so testing thus depleting, yet it’s such an astonishing encounter. I have an energetic energy for music and walking band that moves me forward, and can apply this to my job as drum major. Enthusiastic pioneers are obviously superior to weak ones. * My way of thinking on initiative is basic: show others how its done, consistently help, and never quit. At the point when I was a first year recruit, I admired the walking band veterans since they were at that point phenomenal at something that I was battling to ace. Having good examples is moving; it gives individuals something positive to copy. Furthermore, I generally offer to help-whether that implies * Moving and emptying hardware, or coming in ahead of schedule to work with a marcher who needs some additional help. Moreover, stopping is not feasible for me. Utilizing pardons as opposed to putting forth a strong effort, abandoning something (or somebody), or surrendering your obligations are things I totally don't put stock in. Advancing greatness in others begins with advancing it in you. * I am one of a kind among different candidates looking for this position in view of the characteristics I have recorded previously. My melodic experience, my assurance, my tirelessness, and my enthusiasm for music make me particular among the many.

What You Need to Know about an Advanced Higher English Dissertation

What You Need to Know about an Advanced Higher English Dissertation What You Need to Know about an Advanced Higher English Dissertation On the off chance that you need to flaunt a piece before your educators while you are composing an Advanced Higher English thesis, it is essential to follow the correct advances. Recall that the Advanced Higher English is a course for students who need to improve their comprehension and their capacity to utilize increasingly complex language by participating in more significant level composing abilities preparing. Such a course gives customized scholastic help, moving understudies to improve their perusing and composing, just as relative bits of knowledge. On the off chance that you need to realize how to compose your Advanced Higher English exposition, you have to see some center realities: It Is a New Experience for You Up until this point, fill in as an alumni understudy is regularly an augmentation of a prior life in school. The vast majority are acceptable at school which is the reason they proceed ahead with a greater amount of it. They have fun certainty and achievement that goes with school. Numerous understudies appreciate the labs, perusing, papers, and tests, and find that with a touch of examining like what they did in student, they can pass. In any case, the one thing that is limitlessly not the same as all other work you may have finished as a student is this last undertaking. This is something new, this is something not normal for anything you have encountered previously and it is something that assists with denoting the change you are making from the job of â€Å"student† to the job of â€Å"scholar†. It is a Very Independent Task This sort of composing is a lot of equivalent to composing a book; you do a large portion of it all alone, and you are self-coordinated. This is something that regularly shocks understudies. Indeed, even the individuals who are not acquainted with being held by the hand and absolutely don’t expect it are still somewhat stunned by the amount they are all alone, working totally autonomously of every other person around them. Regardless of whether you realize somebody chipping away at this equivalent last venture, your work is totally extraordinary which can leave you with sentiments of seclusion or terrorizing. It Brings a Great Deal of Stress This undertaking is one which can change your life significantly once you are done and that can carry with it a lot of pressure, particularly worry about what's to come. Be that as it may, there are things you can do: Consider doing some spirit looking to inquire as to whether this is completely something you need to subscribe to. Recollect that not seeking after this isn't disgraceful. Remember that the aptitudes worked during this procedure can be utilized all through your vocation. Your last record might be something you use in your initial profession moves. You have to deal with your subject well. Speak with your consultant as much as could reasonably be expected. You have to deal with your panel. By and large, when you set out to compose, ensure that you follow these means so as to guarantee your teachers are dazzled. Your Advanced Higher English paper can be finished easily and finished well. Likewise, you can appreciate proficient thesis help gave by our online scholastic composing administration .

Know-Nothing movement

Know-Nothing movement Know-Nothing movement, in U.S. history. The increasing rate of immigration in the 1840s encouraged nativism. In Eastern cities where Roman Catholic immigrants especially had concentrated and were welcomed by the Democrats, local nativistic societies were formed to combat foreign influences and to uphold the American view. The American Republican party, formed (1843) in New York, spread into neighboring states as the Native American party, which became a national party at its Philadelphia convention in 1845. The movement was temporarily eclipsed by the Mexican War and the debates over slavery. When the slavery issue was temporarily quieted by the Compromise of 1850 nativism again came to the fore. Many secret orders grew up, of which the Order of United Americans and the Order of the Star-spangled Banner came to be the most important. These organizations baffled political managers of the older parties, since efforts to learn something of the leaders or designs of the movement wer e futile; all their inquiries of supposed members were met with a statement to the effect that they knew nothing. Hence members were called Know-Nothings, although there was never a political organization bearing the name. Efforts were concentrated on electing only native-born Americans to office and on agitating for a 25-year residence qualification for citizenship. Growing rapidly, the Know-Nothings allied themselves with the group of Whigs who followed Millard Fillmore and almost captured New York state in the 1854 election, while they did sweep the polls in Massachusetts and Delaware and had local successes in other states. The disintegration of the Whig party aided them in their strides toward national influence. In 1854 they looked toward extension into the South, and in the following year they openly assumed the name American party and cast aside much of their characteristic secrecy. In June, 1855, a crisis developed; at a meeting of the national council in Philadelphia, Sout herners seized control and adopted a resolution calling for the maintenance of slavery. The slavery issue, after the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, again came to the front, and this time the slavery issue split apart the Know-Nothing movement as it had the Whigs. The antislavery men went into the newly organized Republican party. Millard Fillmore, the American party candidate for President in 1856, polled a small vote and won only the state of Maryland. The national strength of the Know-Nothing movement thus was broken. See R. A. Billington, The Protestant Crusade, 1800â€"1860 (1938, repr. 1964); W. D. Overdyke, The Know-Nothing Party in the South (1950, repr. 1968); C. Beals, Brass-Knuckle Crusade (1960). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History

Corporate Taxation And Economic Policy Essay - 1594 Words

When examining the Corporate Income Taxes In the 1990s released by the Institution of Taxation and Economic Policy, it shows a clear-cut abuse by cooperation in our tax system. This study was conducted to examine the deferral income taxes paid or not paid by 250 of the U.S.’s largest corporations from 1996 to 1998. This period boosted a strong gain in profits for these companies, pretax corporate profits rose by 23.5 percent over the three years examined. This study closely examines on how corporate income tax revenues didn’t keep pace or come close to matching the profit increase. Revenue only rose by 7.7 percent during this time period. In 1998 alone, a total of 94 corporations faced a net liability of less than half the full 35% corporate tax rate and the corporations (List these) Lyondell Chemical, Texaco, Chevron, CSX, Tosco, PepsiCo, Owens Minor, Pfizer, JP Morgan, Saks, Goodyear, Ryder, Enron, Colgate-Palmolive, WorldCom, Eaton, Weyerhaeuser, General Motors, El Paso Energy, WestPoint Stevens, MedPartners, Phillips Petroleum, McKesson and Northrup Grumman all had net negative tax liabilities. If that fact isn’t startling, this fact brings a grimmer look at our tax code: â€Å"Forty-one of the 250 companies paid less than zero in federal income taxes in at least one year from 1996 to 1998. In the years they paid no income tax, these 41 companies reported a total of $25.8 billion in pretax U.S. profits. But rather than paying $9 billion in federal income taxes, as theShow MoreRelatedDividend Tax1352 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst taxes corporate income, then taxes the same income again when shareholders receive dividends paid out of corporate income. Which is a â€Å"double taxation†( http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~byeung/dividend%20taxation.pdf). The double taxation raises the questions of whether the tax should be eliminated, and which taxes should be cut. With both sides ..., the dividend tax †¦ because†¦, The dividend tax was introduced in 1936 by President Roosevelt in the New Deal (Levey). The Economic Growth and TaxRead MoreThe Tax And Its Effects On America Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagesestate and tangible property. Finish Up Corporate Tax abuse When examining the Corporate Income Taxes In the 1990s released by the Institution of Taxation and Economic Policy, it shows a clear cut abuse by cooperation in our tax system. This study was conducted to examine the deferral income taxes paid or not paid by 250 of the U.S.’s largest corporations from 1996 to 1998. This period boosted a strong gain in profits for these companies, pretax corporate profits rose by 23.5 percent over the threeRead MoreFederal Taxation Article Brief Essay725 Words   |  3 PagesArayawna Moore ACCT 613- Federal Income Taxation February 22, 2014 University of Maryland University College Susan K. Duke Issue: The Dynamic Effects of Personal and Corporate Income Tax Changes in the United States within the Labor Market Rule: * Most corporate income is subject to a 35% statutory tax rate * Taxpayers with an ordinary income tax rate of 15% or less pay the 0% rate on dividends. Taxpayers in the 25%, 28%, 33%, and 35% tax brackets areRead MoreShould The Us Use A Zero Personal Income Tax?1527 Words   |  7 Pagesat both current and forecast production rates, as well as significant oil reserves (https: web-b-ebscohost.com). Furthermore, its GDP is $212 billion and GDP per capita ranked 5th in the world. Qatar has one of the highest standard of living and economic productivity. Its annual growth rate has averaged just over 19 percent in 2006 – 11, driven by the country’s growing liquefied natural gas export capacity (Baxter, Kevin, Meed, 2012). Moreover, the country imports less ($64 billion) and exports moreRead MoreThe Election Day Fast Approaches907 Words   |  4 Pageseach have a unique plan to help Canada prosper. In my selected article, Mark Kennedy highlights key issues in each party’s platform including taxation, balancing the budget and views on the niqab. From the competing platforms, it is evident that the Liberals have a stronger plan than their fellow parties. One major area of focus in this election is taxation and each party has a unique way to lower taxes for Canadians. The Conservative’s are assuring lower taxes for Canadians while also providingRead MoreEssay about Double Taxation1718 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Double taxation arises when an individual or business acquiring income in a foreign country is required to pay taxes on that income in both the foreign country as well as the country of origin. For example, an American company operating in a developing country, in the absence of a tax treaty between the two countries may have to pay a withholding tax to the government of the developing country, as well as corporation tax to the United States government (Howard, 2001, p. 259). TheRead MoreFiscal Policy And Fiscal Policies838 Words   |  4 Pagesthe world’s second largest economy to further decline. The council has commented regarding the economic situation that China â€Å"needs more active fiscal policy† (CNBC) in order to have its economy back on the reasonable range. Fiscal policy affects aggregate demand depending on the government’s spending and taxation. Thus, if the government decides to make changes in its taxation such as discounting corporate taxes, the aggregate demand curve will shift. In addition to that, money spent on public servicesRead MoreThe Politics Of Republicans And Democrats1584 Words   |  7 Pagesdifficult to agree on many policy issues, and taxation represents another area of disagreement. Each party’s ideology partially explains why they take a different approach to taxation and furthermore alludes to the different coalitions present in each party. Democrats traditionally favor higher taxes, while Republicans feel as though raising taxes is inefficient. The past twenty years illustrate these two stances, and each party clearly has a history of rhetoric and policy preferences to confirm thisRead MoreProblems with Tax Evasion in Kenya Essay749 Words   |  3 Pagesgovernment in the 1990s by International monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (Muriithi and Moyi, 2006). Government use taxation to raise revenues to cover their expenditures on the provision of social goods and services, to regulate the level of spending in the economy, redistribute income among the populace and control imports into the country (Wilkinson, 2007). Different taxation methods are used to create a tax base which forms a pool that the tax authority can tap thereby placing a tax burden onRead MoreThe Effectiveness of Tax Incentives Essay762 Words   |  4 Pagesincentives on tax policies in the level of tax collection of Baguio city. Its efficiency will be evaluated through the use of cost-benefit analysis, which will weigh the level of costs and benefits for the possibility of a profit for the community. As the increase in tax revenues reveal the activeness in political and economic activities of the people, it also serves as a driver in development and growth. While most of the city’s revenues come from business establishments, economic enterprises and

The Revolutionary Period Of 1763 Essay - 1328 Words

The revolutionary period of 1763 through 1830 brought newfound ideas of liberty as well as increased focus on the rights of man, promulgating new rhetoric surrounding human rights. The American Revolution launched a global movement in which the people took a stand against their oppressors and fought for governmental autonomy. This international movement brought forth new political ideology, as well as increased the voice of the people. The political thinkers associated with the various global revolutions in America, France, and in South America, all used human rights rhetoric as a means of inciting the people to further weaken the existing imperial governments in order to create a widespread and global revolution. The American Revolution exists in history as the starting point in a great series of revolutions across the world in which the oppressed fought and claimed independence from their imperial rulers. Along with this revolution, began a political movement in which human rights rhetoric began to proliferate across the globe. The American Revolution denounced the idea of the â€Å"rights of Englishmen† and proclaimed there are only the â€Å"rights of man,† establishing a new foundation for the universal rights of man (Bender 63). The American revolutionaries fought for governmental autonomy and used strong nationalistic rhetoric, as well as promised increased rights and representation for the people as a means of provoking the people into revolution. This form of rhetoric, asShow MoreRelatedHow the American Revolution Changed American Society Essay1189 Words   |  5 PagesFrom 1763 to 1789 the American Colonies underwent a radical transformation into an independent self governing nation. British debt accumulated from the French and Indian War brought colonists into conflict with the mother country over a variety of social, political and economic issues. 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Through short-term causes of taxation and incommodious trade acts, and long-term causes of salutary neglect and involvement in the burdensome French Indian WarRead MoreThe American Dream and the Revolutionary Period1844 Words   |  7 PagesThe revolutionary period began with a few small voices clamoring for a revolution and a dream of freedom from past tyrants. This gave root to what is known as today as the American Dream. A dream that in the land of the free and the home of the brave anything is possible and all things can be achieved. The American Dream revealed in Revolutionary period writing, consisted of the rebellious colonists desire to seize the current oppressive government, become citizens of a country where unalienableRead MoreEssay on Causes of the American Revolution548 Words   |  3 PagesIndian War (1754-1763) changed the relationship between the colonies and the Mother land. 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The Trial of Peter Zenger, The Proclamation of 1763, the Boston Massacre combined with constantly changing taxes and rules that governed them made many think that self-governance was the best path for the colonies. Others felt that the King and his appointed officials had their best interests in mind and preferred to stay loyal to the crown. Later

Professional HR/marketing essay on Competitive Intelligence Free Essays

Introduction This paper is set in order to demonstrate the research proposal on the subject of the role of line managers in reward in the context of human resource management. The main covered areas will include the presentation of research objectives and rationale, brief critical investigation of the recent studies and research methodology. The ethical issues are going to be demonstrated at the end of the research proposal. We will write a custom essay sample on Professional HR/marketing essay on Competitive Intelligence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Research Objectives and Rationale Recent research demonstrates that the role of line managers in the implementation of reward programs is neglected in most of the cases. This, in turn, negatively affects the general process of reward program integration. For instance, a survey, which has been done on 1300 organizations in 80 countries, has demonstrated that only 30 % of these organizations have reported a successful implementation of reward program (Stark and McMullen, 2008). It has been further presented in the research that HR executives tend to design the reward programs whereas the line managers tend to integrate those. The research, however, fails to provide an in-depth perspective on the subject of the involvement of both line managers and HR executives (Armstrong and Bowen, 1998). Therefore, it is important to provide the extensive perspective on the subject of the role of line managers in the implementation of rewarding programs. This will contribute to the academic body of research in the human resource subj ect area. Additionally, it will allow human resource management to identify the main problems with their reward strategies; thus altering the strategies in order to acquire a success in delivery of reward programs. As a result, given the concept of the study, the main research objectives are: To explore the concept of rewards and general role of HR representatives in it To investigate the level of line managers’ involvement in the rewarding process in the context of HR management To identify and explore the elements of the most successful and effective rewarding strategy Literature Review This section is designed in order to deliver a brief critical investigation of key theoretical concepts on the subject of line managers’ involvement in the development and implementation of reward programs. The main sub-themes will include identification and exploration of human resource function in the development of reward programs, investigation of performance management and identification of the most effective method of reward in the context of line managers’ involvement. Reward and Reward System The reward systems have been integrated within HRM only recently. These have been designed in order to provide the monetary value to those employees who have added value to the organization. This concept is directly interlinked with the development of career and increase in motivation (Thorpe and Homan, 2000). Secord, (2003, p. 403) states that reward management is associated with â€Å"designing, implementing, maintaining and communicating reward processes†. These processes, in turn, shape the level of monetary payment for value-adding activities, performed by employees. HR Role and Function in Reward In general, there is little evidence in HR’s delivery of the actual value to the company. Assessment on 54 organizations, located in the USA, has demonstrated that the majority of companies has not assessed HR department due to the lack of value, delivered by this sector (Ramlall, 2002). It has been further estimated that some companies do not have any specific rating system to measure the performance of HR department (Becker, Huselid, and Ulrich, 2001). One of the key functions of HR is related to the design of reward system. However, this function has been ignored in the recent studies. CIPD (2006) has done a survey in the organizations on the subject of the role of HR representatives in the reward systems. It has been estimated that front-line management plays a much more significant role in the integration of the reward systems, contrary to HR specialists. HR duties are associated with a large number of aspects that should be taken into consideration in order to successfully fulfil the job. This implies that the HRM system should be visible, authoritarian, legitimate and understandable (Bowen and Ostroff, 2004). If these factors are not presented in front of employees, the strength of HRM system, as perceived by employees, decreases. HR representatives are important in design of reward system and performance management. Armstrong and Bowen, (1998) outline the personal characteristics of HR executives and their experience, as the important factors that are projected in design of reward and performance management systems. However, there is little contact between HR executives and employees, which develop the obstacles to actual integration of reward systems and performance management. This implies that HR executives are not able to actually see the performance of employees in order to base the decisions (Armstrong and Bowen, 1998). This increases the significance of line managers in relation to this task. Role of Line Managers in Reward Systems The studies suggest that the role of line managers in fulfilment of some of the HR functions has been increased over the time. Along with the transferring of supervisory duties to line managers, their people management duties have been enhanced as well (Hales, 2005). In the light of current line managers’ role in people management, the HR function and role are ignored and diminished. The research suggests that line managers are not qualified enough in order to fulfil these types of duties, namely reward systems integration. However, they are trusted by their subordinates as a result of cooperative work together. This is contrasted by the gap, which is developed on the basis of lack of time, willingness and qualifications in order to actually perform HR-related duties (Becker, Huselid, and Ulrich, 2001). It has been further added that for line managers it is easier to implement reward systems and performance management, since there has been a direct link found between the leadership style and motivation development (CIPD, 2007). This implies that line managers are more knowledgeable about their employees’ traits and level of job’s quality. Furthermore, the line managers are able to influence employee motivation development (CIPD, 2007). Performance Management Performance management is regarded to be crucial in effective management of organizational culture. It aims at the evaluation of employee’s attitude and behavior in relation to the job; thus contributing to the increase of the overall significance of performance management practices, as perceived by employees (Hannah and Iverson, 2004). Other scholars suggest that it is a leadership function, which contributes to the efficiency of performance management (Uhl-Bien et al., 2000). This corresponds to the ability to see the supervisor’s willingness to provide feedback and explain the goals of the organization, as the main factor that contributes to the increase of employee morale and therefore the company’s overall productivity (Smewing, 2001). This suggests that the employees are seen to be taken care of, therefore are more prone to commit to the organization over the long term. HR specialists are the ones that design performance management programs whereas line managers tend to realize those programs. However, the majority of line managers do not have sufficient tools in order to maintain a qualitative performance management (CIPD in ONREC, 2004). Additionally, it has been estimated that the concept of performance management has changed over time. This suggests that initially, this concept was integrated in order to address the issues of pay and the ability to achieve certain organization’s objectives (CIPD in ONREC, 2004). Currently, this concept has evolved into the talent management and the ability to recruit and retain the best employees on the market. Additionally, performance management has evolved into shifting away from the dogma that financial pay may be the only motivating force behind the performance (Armstrong and Baron, 1998). Large attention in the motivation-related research has been attributed to the significance of intrinsic and extr insic motivation. Intrinsic motivation suggest that the employee is motivated by the force of self-motivation. Extrinsic motivation suggests that the employees are motivated by the external factors, like the increase of pay (Speckbacher, 2003). It is stated in the same source that it is a challenging task to channel the intrinsic motivation, however, performance management is shifting to the integration of this dogma. The intrinsic motivation suggests that the employee receives satisfaction from the achievement of certain objectives. Therefore, this motivation eliminates the need to provide additional financial benefits in order to increase employee’s productivity. Additionally, already increased employee morale reduces the need for further integration of the additional practices, aimed at the increase of one’s productivity (Speckbacher, 2003). Research Methodology This section aims at the presentation of the main research methodology and its elements. This section is based on the integration of â€Å"research onion† framework, which implies a shift from presentation of â€Å"research method† to the description of â€Å"primary data instrument† through a variety of stages (Saunders et al., 2009). Research Type Due to the scope and subject of research,mixed research methodology is applied. This methodology suggests that the study will be conducted whilst integrating the elements of quantitative and qualitative research methods (Saunders et al., 2009). This method is regarded to be associated with a high degree of costs, which is suitable, given the scope of the research (Ellin Datta in Greene, 2007). Research Paradigm Research paradigm has been selected to be positivism and interpretivism. Positivism philosophy suggests that the researcher incorporates value- free, objective perspective on the subject of the study. This requires minimum integration of the values and opinions that have been acquired throughout the lifetime (Saunders et al., 2009). Interpretivism on the other hand allows interpretation of the collected information into the narrative format. This is especially applicable to the qualitative interviews. One of the possible disadvantages that may emerge as a result of positivism application, that the researcher may integrate some lifetime values within data collection and analysis processes (Frauendorf, 2006). This might become an obstacle, due to the lack of critical research skills. Research Approach The research approach is proposed to be deductive, in order to benefit from the development of theory on the basis of evaluation of the elements of the acquired data (Thyer, 2010). Deductive research approach exercises the shift from more expanded towards more detailed in line with the subject theory and elements (Thyer, 2010). In other words deductive reasoning employs top down approach, where the conclusions are drawn on the basis of acquired findings. Since this subject is regarded to be multi-dimensional, the analysis of smaller details, associated with the role of line managers in development and integration of reward systems, would be beneficial. Research Nature The research is proposed to be of explanatory character. The main aim of this type of research is to explore the causal relationships between dependent and independent variables. The ultimate purpose of this research is to explain the situation and predict the events (McNabb, 2008). The main question in relation to the explanatory research is attributed to – â€Å" Why this event has happened?†. Therefore, the main question in relation to this research would be – â€Å"Why the role of line managers is so significant and/or so insignificant?†. Hypothetical Question Qualitative Research Question: What is the role of line managers in reward system planning and integration as projected in real life time activities Quantiative Research Hypothesis: Line managers have a direct positive affect on reward system integration Line manager have a direct positive impact on performance management activities Research Design The research design is chosen to be a multiple case study (Yin, 1993). This implies that two case studies will be developed in order to investigate the role of line managers in the development and integration of reward systems. One case will include the line managers; whereas another case will include the employees. This will allow data collection will allow the acquisition of data on the subject of insight on this subject, from line managers and subordinates, which would contribute to the development of the full picture on the subject of study. Multiple case study is known to be associated with the triangulation of data and research methods (Yin, 1993). It has been estimated that case study strategy is well applied to qualitative and quantitative methods, which will result in the achievement of research objectives (Yin, 1993). Research Techniques Along with the integration of mixed research methodology, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews have been selected to be applied as part of the primary data instrument design. Questionnaires will be distributed among employees, namely floor employees in the selected commercial companies. Semi-structured interviews are going to be targeted at the line managers in order to deliver a follow up on the acquired findings, by questionnaires. This will allow demonstration of the perspective of line manager involvement in reward systems integration from both perspectives. Questionnaires are beneficial since these allow collection of the data from a large sample, which is a primary research objective in relation to the employees’ study group (Saunders et al., 2009). Due to the specifics of the study, the questionnaires are going to be distributed via e-mails, in order to enable quick rate of responses. This is also associated with low degree of costs due to the utilization of th e interactive platform for questionnaires distribution (Saunders et al., 2009). Interviews, in turn, aim at the acquisition of an in-depth perspective on the subject. As a result, once the primary data from questionnaires is collected, the line managers will provide clarification of the causal relationships between the perspectives of employees about their involvement and their actual fulfilment of duties. The interviews will be heldon site, in order to ensure comfortable settings during the interview. This would allow access to the opinions and views that are hidden deep inside one’s psychology. There is a large risk of bias opinion emergence due to the depth of the interview process and involvement of qualitative opinions, views and behaviours (Saunders et al., 2009). Additionally, the lack of research skills might result in the possible shift from the main subject; thus the inability to acquire valuable findings that would correspond with the research objectives. Primary data quantitative analysis is proposed to be maintained on the basis of SPSS processes integration and narration. Sampling Strategy Sample is a group of individuals with specific characteristics that have been selected in order to represent the whole population (Saunders et al., 2009). This research will be based on the incorporation of probability sampling strategy. This strategy suggests that all the individuals within the population have equal chances to be selected for the study. The main segmentation variable will be based on the occupation of study respondents (Saunders et al., 2009). This implies that for questionnaires, the sample will consist of floor employees and for interviews the sample will consist of line managers. The sub-sampling strategy is selected to be a stratified random sampling. This implies that all the employees are considered for participating in the study whilst being grouped with regard to their occupation (Saunders et al., 2009). This correlates well with the cross-sectional research design. The sample size is proposed to be 150 floor employees and 10 line managers in one commercial organization, which is geographically limited to the UK. Research Timeframe The cross-sectional timeframe has been chosen to be applied in this study. This implies that the research will be conducted over a short period of time, in contrast to the specifics of longitudinal timeframe. This would ensure relatively quick observation of study participants whilst conducting questionnaires and interviews (Jackson, 2008). This would allow investigation of a sample where the members possess different characteristics. Ethical Issues Due to the incorporation of direct human contact as part of the research design, there are some ethical issues to address. First of all, the study will be based on the integration of confidentiality-related policies. This suggests that all the material, which is acquired as part of primary data collection, will be stored confidentially in order to avoid sharing to any other 3rd party, unless otherwise stated by the primary data owner. In addition to this, the questionnaires and interviews are going to be supplied with the introductory letter. This introductory letter is designed in order to acknowledge the study participants with study’s purpose, aims, terms and conditions. By accepting the terms and conditions of the research, the study participant agrees to participate in the process of research conduct. Both questionnaires and interviews are designed in order to address the race relations and equality of rights. Any study participant will have the opportunity to withdraw from any stage of research conduct process, whereas their data will not be utilized for the purposes of research. The study participants will have a right to stay anonymous, unless otherwise stated. All the expenses, namely research, transportation, communication and stationary are manageable by the researcher. Draft Timetable    123456789 Literature Review Design of Primary Data Instrument Pilot Study and Data collection Data Analysis Analysis and Discussion Chapters Completion Draft review by supervisor Amendments and Final Review Conclusion This paper was designed in order to demonstrate the proposal for the research on the subject of line manager’s involvement in reward systems integration and performance management. It has been estimated as part of the literature review, that line manager role is significant in the integration of both of these processes. It is mainly associated with the fact that they are able to see and engage in the actual performance management; thus being able to produce objective results in relation to reward systems, contrary to the HR department. It has been further estimated that employees tend to develop both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, where intrinsic motivation is much more significant in channeling in order to acquire the benefits in relation to the financial performance of the company. As a result, the main objectives of research is to explore the level of involvement of line managers in the reward systems. This is proposed to be done by the means of mixed research methodo logy integration. The primary data collection instrument consists of interviews and questionnaires that are distributed among 10 line managers and 150 floor employees in the commercial organization in the UK. References Armstrong M, Baron A (1998). Performance Management: The new realities. Institute of Personnel Development: London. Becker, B., Huselid, M., and Ulrich, D. (2001). The HR Scorecard: Linking People, Strategy, and Performance. Boston: Harvard Business School Press Bowen, D.E., Ostroff, C. (2004). Understanding HRM-firm performance linkages: The role of â€Å"Strength† of the HRM system. Academy of Management Review, 29, 203-221 CIPD. (2006). Rewarding Work: Vital Role of Line Managers. Available from: http://www.cipd.co.uk/NR/rdonlyres/72035864-98CD-495A-8CB9-96989B96E73C/0/vitalrolmgrca.pdf (Accessed on 10/12/12) Hales, C. (2005). Rooted in supervision, branching into management: continuity and change in the role of first-line manager. Journal of Management Studies, 42: 3, 471–506. Hannah, D. and Iverson, R. (2004). Employment relationships in context: implications for policy and practice, in J. Coyle-Shapiro, L. Shore, S. Taylor and L. Tetrick (eds). The Employment Relationship: Examining Psychological and Contextual Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 332–350. Jackson S. (2008). Research Methods and Statistics: A Critical Thinking Approach. 3rd ed. Cengage: USA McNabb D. (2008). Research Methods in Public Administration and Nonprofit Management. 2nd ed., Sharpe: USA Ramlall, S. (2002). A Critical Review of the Role of Training Development in Increasing Performance. Journal of Compensation and Benefits, 18, 5, 12-17 Saunders M., Lewis P. (2009). Research Methods for Business Students. 5th ed., Pearson Education: UK. Secord H. (2003). Implementing Best Practices in Human Resources Management. CCH: Canada Speckbacher, G. (2003). The Economics of Performance Management in Nonprofit Organizations. Nonprofit Management Leadership, 13, 3, 267-281. Stark M., MacMullen T. (2008). When considering effective reward-program implementation, too frequently the role of the line manager is neglected. WorldAtWork Journal, 2nd Quarter. Thorpe R and Homan G. (2000). Strategic Reward Systems. London: Pearson Education Limited. Thyer B. (2010). The Handbook of Social Work Research Methods. 2nd ed., p 33, Sage Publications: UK ONREC. (2004). Line managers are key to good performance management. Available from: http://www.onrec.com/news/news-archive/line-managers-are-key-to-good-performance-management (Accessed on 10/12/12) Uhl-Bien, M., Graen, G. and Scandura, L. (2000). Indicators of leader–member exchange (LMX) for strategic human resource management systems. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 18: 137–185. Yin, R., (1994). Case study research: Design and methods. 2nd ed., CA: Sage Publishing. How to cite Professional HR/marketing essay on Competitive Intelligence, Essays

The Concept of Competition on the Market

Table of Contents Introduction Competition Conclusion References Introduction Hayek (103) believes that when economists overemphasize the importance of perfect competition, they are actually ignoring the solution when the situation is imperfect. In fact, the concept of competition is even more important when the market is imperfect so they should strive at offering a solution to that situation.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Concept of Competition on the Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Competition A good solution to an economic problem should be one that gives answers to problems as they are and not as they should be. To this end, any prescriptions that start from the situation as it should be would not be very useful. For instance, in perfect competition, it is assumed that the products and services in the market are identical. However, this is quite untrue in reality; people’s needs and knowledge vary tremendously so suppliers must respond by offering heterogeneous products. Additionally, human skills will keep varying from time to time with a high number of them changing for the better. This means that the nature of services and goods will also alter in response to these skills changes. In essence, no two doctors can ever be the same and the services they offer may not always be the same. Therefore, studying a theory that assumes these doctors to be the same would be very appropriate academically but would not be very useful in the real economic environment. Hayek (106) believes that competition is all about the spread of information. If people are aware of the possibilities within a certain market then they will be motivated to make efficient use of the resources. However, for that to happen, then the information being taken around must be constantly altered. Economists advocate for a theory that presumes that these factors do not change and this defies the very essence of competition. In this regard, it may not be wise for economists to continue depending on the perfect competition model which must always leave all factors constant. In order to place a certain argument in context, it is always crucial to understand the agents involved in the matter and time frame affecting them (McNulty, 81). For example, economic theories and models were created and propagated by certain individuals who analyze their economic environments within a certain timeframe. In essence, what this implies is that the theories they had created may have ceased to be relevant because the times and the environments they were analyzing may have altered.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Human behavior is never really constant so certain theories may soon become outdated or passed with time. Hayek’s argument that competition is always altering indi cates that most of the information collected by economists would simply be outdated even within the span of one day. This casts doubt on a perfect competition model that presupposes no change in the market (Rizoo White, 43). The market is never filled with absolutes. In other words, it is rarely characterized by monopolistic conditions or perfectly competitive conditions. The former term refers to one end of the spectrum where no competition exists. Such a firm would be the only one offering a certain service and its output curve would be equivalent to the demand curve. However, such a situation rarely continues for long because other firms will leverage on the technology and methods used by the monopolistic firm in order to get a reasonable market share. This implies that a producer may only be a monopoly for a while because other players in the field will always be willing to get involved. On the other side of the scale is perfect competition where new volume purchases for the pr oducts offered by each firm are quite low. The conditions for this to occur are: freedom to enter or exit the market by market players and offering homogenous products amongst other things. The real market rarely falls in either one of these scales. Most of the time, suppliers will find themselves in between. Most of them seek monopolistic situations hence explaining why they always in engage in the process of research and development. On the other hand, when a near monopoly appears in the market, it is often the laws of competition that will intervene in order to let an organization know that there are certain advantages to be enjoyed through the use of technology. Consequently this balancing of interests between the concerned groups eventually leads to a mixture of companies that are neither actual monopolies nor perfectly competitive firms (Ackerlof, 4). It should be noted that in a highly dynamic market, there are always challenges of developing a product or service that would b e sufficient for monetary monopolistic tendencies. In other words, firms would simply need the conditions of a monopoly to last for an adequate period. This would allow for the completion of a certain transaction. A new condition or prerequisite for being a monopoly may arise but at least this had allowed an organization to continually improve. Most organizations are often created as profit ventures. In other words, their major aim in the long run is to bring in profits. However, the perfectly competitive model assumes that in the long term, firms make negligible profit. This implies that most of them will not have an incentive to exist in the perfect competition model. There would be no point for companies to use their creative genius in order to improve because there would be no profits to accompany these changes in the long run. When economists assess the market using a mechanical and unchanging method then they are largely ignoring the dynamic character of it. Effective solution s always tend to be those ones that embrace the continuum of firms between being perfectly competitive to being perfectly monopolistic.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Concept of Competition on the Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This creates a flexible and creative way of solving the problems of the market. In fact, when the market is thought of as an open system then chances are that there would be greater accuracy in offering solutions. What this implies especially for today’s dynamic systems is that the market would be better understood when handled that way than when handled in the neo classical or traditional manner. Hayek therefore believes that the free market in itself possesses the ability to deal with its imperfections. Therefore, contrary to certain understandings by adherents to economic models, it is possible to still handle the inconsistencies and dilemmas that arise out of an imperfect model of competition. Hayek believes that this is best done through price. He claims that price contains an indication of practical knowledge within any specific market. Most often, this is related to the optimum costs of the goods and hence the actual optimum prices that they need to be (Stolyarov, 50). Conclusion In essence, neo classical economists who rely on the perfect competition model may have failed in their most central quest- to give actual solutions to real problems. Hayek (106) believes that it would be better to be more concerned with the analysis of the imperfect scenario because this would reflect actual facts. When economist can determine ways in which diversity in the market is combined with gaps in skills and information then that would be a more feasible direction. Also, when economists can know how to tackle mistaken notions and their corrections in imperfect competition then this would also be more applicable. Finally, because the market possesses so many players with various expectations, it would be more informative to demystify the process of uniting these differences. In essence, when the market is thought to be a process instead of a system, then more tenable answers may be found. References Stolyarov, George. Austrian economics and Hayek’s view of the market process. Western man journal, 63(2005): 50 Hayek, Friedrich. Individualism and economic order. Chicago: University of Chicago press, 1948Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Rizzo, Mario White, Lawrence. Foundations of the market economy. London: Routledge, 1996 Ackerlof, George. Uncertainty, quality and market mechanisms. Economics journal, 5(1970): 4 McNulty, Paul. A note on the history of perfect competition. Columbia: Columbia University press, 1967 This term paper on The Concept of Competition on the Market was written and submitted by user Rodrigo Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.